{"id":2800,"date":"2013-02-18T08:10:30","date_gmt":"2013-02-18T08:10:30","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/teoriadeconstruccion.net\/blog2013\/?p=2800"},"modified":"2013-02-18T08:10:30","modified_gmt":"2013-02-18T08:10:30","slug":"extrusion-y-perfilado-del-aluminio","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/teoriadeconstruccion.net\/blog\/extrusion-y-perfilado-del-aluminio\/","title":{"rendered":"Extrusi\u00f3n y perfilado del aluminio"},"content":{"rendered":"

Recuerda que puedes imprimir este art\u00edculo en pdf<\/p>\n

Es un proceso en caliente (480 ~ 550 \u00b0C), en el cual el metal s\u00f3lido (cilindro de extrusi\u00f3n), es forzado mediante una presi\u00f3n hidr\u00e1ulica a trav\u00e9s de una matriz. Inmediatamente, el per\ufb01 l extruido es tomado por un estirador que lo endereza y lo mantiene en su medida para su posterior corte.<\/p>\n

Mediante este proceso se endurecen los per\ufb01 les y se obtienen aleaciones m\u00e1s resistentes, el proceso se hace en un horno a 180\u00b0C durante 4 horas aproximadamente.<\/p>\n

\"aluminio\"<\/p>\n

La extrusi\u00f3n supone habitualmente un proceso discontinuo que se realiza como sigue: se introduce un tocho de aluminio en la m\u00e1quina extrusora, un segundo tocho se introduce en la c\u00e1mara de compresi\u00f3n una vez que el primero ha sido extru\u00eddo, de manera que, las grandes compresiones y elevadas temperaturas que se dan dentro de la matriz, permiten que el segundo tocho quede soldado al remanente del primero, consigui\u00e9ndose as\u00ed, en general, que el producto de salida sea continuo.<\/p>\n

La temperatura es uno de los par\u00e1metros m\u00e1s importantes en la extrusi\u00f3n. La tensi\u00f3n de fluencia se reduce conforme aumenta la temperatura y, por tanto, su ductilidad es mayor a lavez que se reduce la velocidad m\u00e1xima de extrusi\u00f3n, ya que los picos de temperatura pueden conducir a modificaciones en\u00a0las propiedades del material\u00a0hasta el extremo\u00a0de que\u00a0se alcance su punto de fusi\u00f3n. Los cambios de temperatura en la extrusi\u00f3n dependen de la temperatura inicial del tocho, de la transferencia de calor entre el tocho de aluminio y el molde y del calor generado por deformaci\u00f3n y fricci\u00f3n.<\/p>\n

\"extrusi\u00f3n<\/p>\n

En cuanto se introduce el tocho caliente de aluminio en el molde, que habitualmente tambi\u00e9n se pre-calienta, y comienza la extrusi\u00f3n, se empiezan a producir cambios t\u00e9rmicos muy complejos, que se deben a los siguientes efectos individuales:<\/p>\n

\u2022Producci\u00f3n de calor por deformaci\u00f3n en la zona cercana al orificio del molde.<\/div>\n
\u2022Producci\u00f3n de calor por fricci\u00f3n entre el tocho y el molde y en el seno del aluminio debido a deslizamientos pl\u00e1sticos tangenciales.<\/div>\n
\u2022Transferencia de calor a medida que el tocho se mueve hacia la matriz.<\/div>\n
\u2022Conducci\u00f3n de calor al interior del tocho desde su superficie.<\/div>\n
\u2022Conducci\u00f3n de calor al material extru\u00eddo desde la matriz.<\/div>\n

Durante la extrusi\u00f3n, el rozamiento existente entre el tocho de material y el molde influye,no s\u00f3lo en la generaci\u00f3n de calor, sino tambi\u00e9n en la forma del flujo, provocando la adherencia del material a las paredes del molde, lo que dificulta su avance dentro de la matriz.<\/p>\n

[youtube_sc url=\u00bbhttps:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=MG3Ls7jrr2o\u00bb]<\/p>\n

A continuaci\u00f3n se muestra otro video donde se explica el proceso de perfilado<\/strong> in situ, un proceso cada vez m\u00e1s habitual en instalaciones de canalones en obra, ejecutando el canal\u00f3n in situ con la longitud exacta, consiguiendo una pieza entera, sin juntas. Puede tener problemas de dilataciones, si no se consideran los movimientos que pueda tener (en las gafas que los sujetan) en las bajantes, etc<\/p>\n

[youtube_sc url=\u00bbhttps:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=J0aaaKn2vWs\u00bb]<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Referencias: 1<\/a>\u00a0| 2<\/a> |<\/p>\n

Recomendaci\u00f3n: \u00a0\u00bb Tesis: Mantenimiento preventivo para una planta de extrusi\u00f3n que fabrica perfiles de aleaciones de aluminio\u00bb de J.A. Corzo Mazariegos<\/p>\n

P\u00e1gina relacionada: Aluminio<\/a> (en teoriadeconstruccion.net)<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Recuerda que puedes imprimir este art\u00edculo en pdf Es un proceso en caliente (480 ~ 550 \u00b0C), en el cual el metal s\u00f3lido (cilindro de extrusi\u00f3n), es forzado mediante una presi\u00f3n hidr\u00e1ulica a trav\u00e9s de una matriz. Inmediatamente, el per\ufb01 l extruido es tomado por un estirador que lo endereza y lo mantiene en su… Leer m\u00e1s »Extrusi\u00f3n y perfilado del aluminio<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2807,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"neve_meta_sidebar":"","neve_meta_container":"","neve_meta_enable_content_width":"","neve_meta_content_width":0,"neve_meta_title_alignment":"","neve_meta_author_avatar":"","neve_post_elements_order":"","neve_meta_disable_header":"","neve_meta_disable_footer":"","neve_meta_disable_title":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":false,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[17],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2800","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-aluminio"],"yoast_head":"\nExtrusi\u00f3n y perfilado del aluminio - Teor\u00eda de construcci\u00f3n<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/teoriadeconstruccion.net\/blog\/extrusion-y-perfilado-del-aluminio\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"es_ES\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Extrusi\u00f3n y perfilado del aluminio - Teor\u00eda de construcci\u00f3n\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Recuerda que puedes imprimir este art\u00edculo en pdf Es un proceso en caliente (480 ~ 550 \u00b0C), en el cual el metal s\u00f3lido (cilindro de extrusi\u00f3n), es forzado mediante una presi\u00f3n hidr\u00e1ulica a trav\u00e9s de una matriz. 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